What unemployment benefits exist for veterans? The need for such help is high even in the best of times, but in a local or national emergency situation, knowing how to find and access such help is crucial.

Two Basic Types Of Unemployment Benefits For Veterans

There are two basic situations where a veteran may need to seek unemployment. One is the usual situation where a worker is laid off, fired, etc. and has to file with the state unemployment office to draw compensation based on the employee’s salary, length of the unemployment contributions made, etc.

The other situation is when a veteran leaves military service and may encounter difficulty or delays in finding a new job. This circumstance may be covered by something known as UCX, or Unemployment Compensation for Ex-servicemembers.

Unemployment Programs And Benefits Specifically For Veterans

UCX, the Unemployment Compensation for Ex-Servicemembers program, is offered by the federal government to those who are transitioning from a career in the military to civilian life. This federal program is administered by state governments. You must meet the basic eligibility rules for UCX and qualify for your state’s other unemployment requirements.

The applicant must:

• Apply in the state where she resides
• Not be on terminal leave
• Have served the full initial term of duty or have served 180 days or more if Guard/Reserve
• Be an active job seeker
• Have an Honorable discharge

Eligible applicants must otherwise meet the state’s unemployment guidelines; the continuing eligibility requirements are identical to “regular” unemployment claim procedures.

How much are you entitled to under this program? That depends on a number of factors including how long you served during the qualifying period, any amount of lost time that may be applicable, and other variables.

How UCX Works

Under UCX, the money you earned in the military is calculated as though it was earned in the civilian job market (to include all pay and allowances) and is based on your final pay grade before retirement or separation. The amount you are entitled to is based on a calculation made by the state following U.S. Department of Labor rules.

UCX Payments Can Be Reduced If You Earn Income

The amount of money you receive under UCX may be reduced if you also receive any of the following:

• Wages
• Training allowances
• Severance
• Social Security payments
• Workers compensation

State unemployment guidelines may also apply. There also may be other veteran-specific unemployment resources available at the state or local level; be sure to look up your state and city government official site, and use that site’s search tool to find “veteran unemployment” or “military unemployment” information.

Students should not, as a rule, expect full UCX benefits if they are drawing GI Bill housing allowances and in general you may find your state does not allow students to draw unemployment. Look up the rules of your state as all governments have different requirements.

Read more about Unemployment Compensation for Ex-servicemembers (UCX).

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Unemployment Resources For Disabled Veterans

State and federal programs alike have special options for disabled veterans in the form of hiring preference such as the Civil Service “points system” (an option that is often mirrored at the state hiring level), but also in programs like the Department of Veterans Affairs Veteran Rehabilitation & Education (VR&E) program, which offers job training and related services for veterans with qualifying service-connected disabilities.

We mention VR&E here because housing stipends may be available for certain kinds of training associated with the program; it’s not a direct unemployment compensation option but does offset the costs of housing while learning a new job skill. If you are currently unemployed and thinking about a change of career or learning new skills, VR&E can help ease the transition for those who qualify.

An Important Caveat For Disabled Veterans 

Depending on what kind of unemployment assistance you get, you may be restricted in applying for similar financial help related specifically to unemployment. For example, those who are currently drawing benefits from the Survivors and Dependents Educational Assistance Program or the VR&E program cannot also draw compensation from UCX (see above).

Typical Unemployment Insurance

When things are normal, a veteran who was fired, laid off, or made redundant may (depending on the nature of the employment and whether it meets state unemployment standards) apply for state-level unemployment benefits.

Each state has an official site where you can find information about claiming your out-of-work benefits. A good example is the State of California’s Employment Development Department, which has instructions, forms, and an online benefit calculator for veterans and non-vets alike.

What is typically needed when applying for state-level unemployment? Individual state requirements may vary, but the State of California’s requirements include:

• Last employer contact information
• Last date worked
• Reason(s) you are no longer working
• Gross earnings in the last week you worked
• Information on all employers you worked for during the past 18 months
• Notice to Federal Employees About Unemployment Insurance, Standard Form 8 (former federal employees only)
• DD 214 Member 4 copy (ex-military only)
• Citizenship status
• For non-citizens, information from your employment authorization document

It is crucial that potential applicants do not second-guess what benefits may or may not be open to them; apply for any benefits that may be open to you. In some cases workers who have had reduced hours but not a total layoff may be eligible to apply; ditto for those who had to take time away from work to care for a loved one affected by the coronavirus.

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Joe Wallace is a 13-year veteran of the United States Air Force and a former reporter for Air Force Television News

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Combat medics have a tough job. They are responsible for emergency care on and off the battlefield, depending on mission requirements, operations tempo, and other factors. Each branch of the military has some form of a combat medic though they may have different career field names and job descriptions.

In the Army, there is an MOS with the job titled Combat Medic Specialists, an MOS also referred to as 68W or “sixty-eight whiskey”. In the Air Force, these are known as Air Combat Medics/Pararescue or simply “PJs”. The Navy has Hospital Corpsmen who perform similar duties, and the Marine Corps does not have a medical division. The U.S. Marines rely on Navy medical troops instead.

Working in these capacities is challenging, but rewarding. But every military career comes to an end at some point and anyone working as a combat medic or in a related MOS should start thinking about their career beyond military duty. What civilian jobs are open to combat medics who leave the military?

Career Choices

Before a former combat medic can really settle into making good decisions about post-military jobs, one big choice has to be made. Continue a career started in the military? Change direction within the same general field of medicine? Or start a completely new career unrelated to your old job?

This article will focus on job choices for those who leave the military but want to remain in the medical field. If you decide you want to start a new career unrelated to medicine, it’s a very good idea to take advantage of VA transition assistance resources designed for people starting a new career or interested in learning how to.

The opportunities we discuss below aren’t necessarily available in all locations, but the general idea is to take these options and find local versions of them in your chosen job market.

Combat medics may or may not qualify for some of these jobs without additional certifications, training, or other measures so expect that your experience will vary.

Anyone who has trained in a medical profession knows there are many diverse opportunities including teaching and training others in medical skills. Your opportunities are not limited to the types of work you did in uniform. You could be a manager, trainer, a liaison, or a hands-on worker, etc. You could even work as a medical recruiter, which is something we’ll explore below.

Job Sources

There are too many job boards to list but not all of them are right for those who want to work in medicine. Why do we say that? Because many would-be Monster.com or Glassdoor.com type websites merely “scrape” the web for job listings and reproduce them wholesale on their own pages. Why is this a problem for a highly skilled job seeker?

Because many of your job opportunities may be found on government hire sites like USA.gov or on private healthcare official sites that feature specific instructions to submit job applications and resumes not necessarily included in the listing by the third-party job site.

In other words, if you use Indeed.com to apply for a job right for a former combat medic, you may be wasting your time if the job application process requires you to submit in a specific way such as via the online job portal at USAjobs.com.

Such sites may refuse to accept applications not submitted through their portal; submitting via a third party job search site gets you nowhere.

Civilian Jobs For Combat Medics

Some of these jobs may seem very entry-level to a highly experienced combat medic. But we include them here as some of them may be stepping-stone jobs toward a more advanced position within the Civil Service, the Department of Veterans Affairs, or even a private civilian healthcare facility.

Some will need to take a more entry-level opportunity to work their way up, others may be immediately qualified for higher and more advanced positions.

Private Healthcare Job Options

The need for medics, nurses, nurse assistants, and many other medical positions is great within the private healthcare industry. Literature published by the World Health Organization includes the acknowledgement that private-sector care plays a critical role; the WHO notes that “most countries” have some blend of public and private options.

Whether you are looking at employment in a nursing home, hospice, extended care facility, clinic, or other operation, private industry is a big part of the hiring landscape.

Some may feel intimidated by applying to work at a big hospital or private care facility. But there are plenty of medically-oriented businesses including physical therapy clinics, sports medicine clinics, and other opportunities that operate on a much smaller scale.

Some may consider working in the medical department of a professional sports organization, charter school, or other such entity.

Private Sector Health Industry Recruiting

Some military medical troops are specifically recruited to join the military to serve. But did you know that there are civilian medical recruiters too? A combat medic leaving the military would do well to explore options with a civilian medical industry recruiter.

This in and of itself is a fulltime job and some with combat medic experience may actually choose to recruit rather than practice. Many healthcare companies rely on such recruiting operations which locate skilled professionals for private practice, local hospital operations, and groups with unique medical job requirements.

You can do a Google search for medical recruiting operations but be sure to do your homework on such companies if they are new to you–investigate the online reputation of that company and other information to make sure you are working with a reputable agency.

Government Healthcare Jobs

The federal government, including the Department of Veterans Affairs, routinely hires ex-military medical troops like combat medics for a variety of needs, programs, and services. The VA may hire you to work at one of their facilities, while you can find opportunities in a wide variety of other government agencies including the Department of Defense. Opportunities include:

• Defense Health Agency Civilian Jobs
• Army/Air Force/Navy medical jobs
• Army Medicine Civilian Corps Jobs
• Public Health Service Jobs

Where can you find these opportunities? There is a centralized government medical job board on Health.mil that offers a portal to these jobs and much more. What kind of jobs? At press time, the following were just some of the opportunities:

Physician (Occupational Medicine)
Defense Health Agency
Department of Defense
Fort Belvoir, Virginia

Medical Support Assistant (Office Automation)
Defense Health Agency
Department of Defense
Bethesda, Maryland

Nurse (Consultant/Medical Home Port Team/Patient Centered Medical Home)
Defense Health Agency
Department of Defense
Fort Belvoir, Virginia

Supervisory Physician Assistant
Defense Health Agency
Department of Defense
Fort Sam Houston, Texas

You can also search for medical jobs on the Department of Veterans Affairs official job board.

Civilian Jobs For Former Combat Medics And Other Military Medical Specialties

No list of medical job opportunities would be complete without a listing of some of the career options open to those with the right experience. These jobs may all require new certifications, training, or other steps to be accepted as a new hire.

Your experience will vary depending on state and federal law, local opportunities, and other variables. When applying for jobs like the ones listed here, be sure to read the entire job description and listing to make sure you know the requirements and credentialing needed to land an interview.

Intermediate Care Technicians (ICT)

The Department of Veterans Affairs offers jobs for ICTs at VA medical centers. This work involves “complex technician-level diagnostic and treatment procedures” as well as providing “intermediate and advanced paramedic-level care” crisis intervention, and related duties.

Health Technician

Another opportunity commonly offered at VA facilities, a health technician in this setting would be responsible for direct patient care, administering medication, as well as diagnostic support and medical assistance in VA medical centers and clinics.

Medical Support Assistant (MSA)

This commonly-offered VA job is one that requires “tact and diplomacy” according to the VA official site, which is why the agency recruits former military medical troops. They perform what the VA terms as “front-line contact” with patients–the VA hires vets in this capacity to use their “shared experience to comfort fellow Veterans” who may be trying to cope with navigating the VA medical system.

Nursing Assistant

Even if you did work above the assistant level while in the military, working for the VA as a nursing assistant has its perks. The VA official site reminds potential applicants that “certification is desirable” but is NOT required to apply. The VA official site adds that “Nursing staff may take advantage of the special education support programs we offer to earn the degrees and certifications necessary to become a Licensed Practical Nurse or a Registered Nurse”.

Naturally you are not limited to applying for jobs at the VA for any of the above, but the VA is a very large federal employer and it would be a mistake to rule out the agency as a major source for medical job opportunities.

This is NOT a comprehensive list of medical jobs open to former combat medics, there are many other opportunities for work as an Emergency Medical Technician or EMT, Surgical Tech, a Physician Assistant, or an Emergency Room Nurse just to name a few.

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Joe Wallace is a 13-year veteran of the United States Air Force and a former reporter for Air Force Television News

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Commissary and AAFES outlets such as the Base Exchange or Post Exchange routinely employ those in the military community. These jobs are plentiful, especially for those stationed overseas, and there are opportunities for those who want upward mobility within these companies.

For military members and their families, two of the best-known on-base retailers are not just a source for food, clothes, electronics, or other items. They are also a source of employment for currently serving military members, spouses, dependent children, veterans and, military retirees.

Who Is Hired to Work at Commissaries and Exchanges?

Those interested in working at an Exchange facility should know there is no requirement to be in the military, nor a requirement that new hires be military family members or dependents. Base or Post Exchanges are run by AAFES have one basic job requirement to be eligible for consideration:

“Our basic employment requirement is that you have a passion for providing excellent customer service and the desire to serve those who serve” according to AAFES.

There are entry-level jobs, and more career-oriented management and corporate positions.

Commissary jobs may be slightly different depending on the applied positions. Some jobs are General Schedule (GS) pay grade federal positions while some may be considered more entry level and hiring may be done quite differently than for GS positions.

GS hiring can be complicated with required background checks and drug screenings, while more entry level positions may only require an interview and a resume review.

Is There Special Hiring Consideration For Military Spouses And Family Members?

For both AAFES and DeCA, hiring preference may be extended to military members, spouses, or dependents. Such preference may depend on the type of job openings available, whether the position requires a GS rating in the case of DeCA employees, and how long the applicant is available to work in a given location. This is the case for overseas work and sometimes even stateside hires.

AAFES has a special section of its official site for military spouses and family members. There are certain conditions for hiring preference and special hiring opportunities. DeCA directs military spouses and family members to resources including Military OneSource to learn more about hiring preferences and opportunities.

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What Is The Commissary?

A commissary is the name of what is essentially an on-base grocery store. These facilities are centrally owned and managed by the Defense Commissary Agency (DeCA) headquarters at Fort Lee, Virginia.

The DeCA official site describes its mission as being responsible for “a worldwide chain of commissaries providing groceries to military personnel, retirees and their families in a safe and secure shopping environment. Authorized patrons purchase items that are variably priced plus a 5-percent surcharge, which covers the costs of building new commissaries and modernizing existing ones.”

No matter what branch of the military you serve in, or what branch operates the military base or post you’re assigned to, commissaries provide an important service, and a cost-effective one. The DeCA official site claims that regular commissary use saves military shoppers “thousands of dollars annually” and does not charge taxes for purchases.

DeCA only operates the commissary, it does not operate the Base Exchange (BX) or Post Exchange (PX) or other retail outlets. The Army & Air Force Exchange System (AAFES) runs the Exchange system as well as other on-base retail locations.

What Is AAFES?

The Army & Air Force Exchange System, headquartered in Dallas, Texas, and has been operating in one form or another since 1895. The agency runs the Exchange system for both online shopping and on-base retail and serves wherever military members are found.

The motto of AAFES is “We go where you go.” According to the official site, the Army & Air Force Exchange Service “has served the Nation’s armed forces during combat operations, humanitarian missions and military exercises around the world.”

AAFES employees have “voluntarily deployed to serve troops during major wars, natural disasters, deep into jungles, high on mountaintops, and at tips of the spears in eastern Europe and South Korea”.

AAFES operates BX / PX stores which are similar to big box retail chains such as Kohl’s, Target, WalMart, etc. AAFES also runs on-base movie theaters, concessions, and other retail outlets on military bases in the United States and overseas.

These stores feature tax-free shopping, discounted goods, even a store credit card known as the Military Star Card.

Is The United States Navy Represented By AAFES?

The United States Navy has its’ own version of AAFES, known as Navy Exchange or NEX for short. NEX headquarters is in Virginia Beach, Virginia. Many of the same rules and issues apply to NEX retail jobs as the AAFES and DeCA jobs discussed here including the NEX policy of not requiring its employees to be in the military or military dependents. You can search for and find Navy exchange jobs at the NEX official site. Like AAFES, Navy Exchange Service Command jobs are not considered Civil Service positions.

Who Is Permitted to Shop at These Facilities?

In the past, only those with valid military ID could shop at AAFES and commissary locations. Dependents, retirees, and currently serving military members are all permitted, but civilian employees have been left out in decades past.

At the time of this writing, there are several proposals to change this so that DoD civilians, contractors, and other non-military personnel could also purchase from AAFES and DeCA operations.

How Do I Find AAFES Jobs?

Since AAFES does not only operate BX and PX outlets, there may be a large pool of jobs to choose from at a given military base or post. It’s possible to apply for AAFES jobs online on the AAFES official site.

The AAFES official site lists internship programs, management training opportunities, career offerings for those leaving military service, and much more.

How Do I Find Commissary Jobs?

Finding a job opening with the Defense Commissary Agency is centralized-the DeCA official site directs job seekers to search USAJobs.gov site. Once there, doing a general search on “DeCA jobs” will bring up both entry-level work such as tellers, baggers, and clerks at commissaries world wide, but also higher-level and federal GS positions.

Some of these jobs require only a minimum amount of experience and basic education requirements, while others may demand an extensive resume and professional experience. Some DeCA overseas jobs do not permit relocation expenses to be paid while others may.

Can I Apply For AAFES and DeCA Jobs Via Indeed, SimplyHired, Or Other Job Boards?

It is strongly recommended to apply directly via the job links from AAFES or DeCA official sites.

Third-party job boards like Indeed.com, SimplyHired, and others often simply redirect you to the AAFES or DeCA job interfaces.

Searching third party job boards may be less efficient than using the direct links from official sites, at least in terms of getting commissary or AAFES work.

Where Are These Facilities? Does Every Military Base Have AAFES and A Commissary?

AAFES and DeCA run their businesses inside military bases all over the world. AAFES can even be found in forward-deployed locations such as Iraq and elsewhere depending on mission requirements, safety issues, logistics support, etc.

Not all military bases have a commissary, but a large number of overseas installations, posts, and bases do. AAFES provides retail services at a great many military bases, but their “footprint” may not include a Base Exchange or Post Exchange. It depends on the size of the base and the permanence of the installation, etc.

BX and PX stores are only part of what AAFES does. In the past AAFES has operated video stores (remember those?), book stores, and even a liquor store known to military members as “Class Six” shops.

Is There A DeCA Commissary Near Me?

There is a searchable database of DeCA commissary locations worldwide you can use to search by zip code, state, country, or physical address.

Is There An AAFES Store, BX or PX Near Me?

AAFES offers a store finder search tool to find locations near you based on address, location, or mileage from a specific location.

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Joe Wallace is a 13-year veteran of the United States Air Force and a former reporter for Air Force Television News

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There are many job search tools for veterans and those transitioning out of military careers back into the private sector.

Many have used Google in their job searches. They released special enhancements to its search engine aimed specifically at military people searching for new jobs. Prior, it was only possible to search for new listings using Google to access job data rather than have the search engine help career seekers find job search results tailored specifically for them.

You read that correctly. Google has developed algorithms designed to help military job seekers get search results targeted specifically for them.

Type Jobs for Veterans into Google and Press Return

Typing the phrase “jobs for veterans” into Google brings up a new page with a prompt for the user to enter your military occupational specialty code or MOS. Google then compiles search results based on that specific type of query or request based on the code you enter.

Google Search Results for Military Job Seekers

When using the Google “jobs for veterans” search term associated with your own military job code or MOS, the results you get will depend on several factors.

One example:

Using Marine Corps MOS code 0149 (Substance Abuse Control Specialist) brings up results in Google that are targeted to “0149 Marines Enlisted” and include more-or-less relevant results including (at the time of this writing) Registered Nurse positions, caseworkers, RN case managers, auditors, and other jobs.

Using Non-MOS Codes to Search for Jobs Using Google

When using an Air Force Specialty Code (AFSC) rather than an MOS, relevant results are still possible. Using the AFSC 3N052, which designates a military broadcaster, a variety of jobs come up in relevant categories including publishing, broadcasting, internet media jobs, etc.

It’s true that your results will vary depending on the nature of the job code and availability of specific jobs that match skill sets represented by that code. It is definitely worth experimenting with the algorithms.

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Job Sources via Google

An official video published by Google states, “Google brings together job openings from across the web into categories that match the skills you’ve gained in your military role.” But where do these jobs come from?

In many cases they are offered by the usual job seeker clearing houses such as Glassdoor, Careerbuilder, LinkedIn, etc. Clicking on the jobs you find via Google will bring up a description of the job and an option to click through button to the website advertising the job application.

Applying for Jobs Found via the Google “Jobs for Veterans” Search

When you click on a link to apply for jobs, you’ll discover using this veteran job search tool you are not applying for a job through Google nor using Google as the delivery system for your application.

Instead, you are taken directly to the job ad as posted by the company on its website, job board, or other source. Once you click to apply, you are leaving Google to a third party (assuming the job advertised is not with Google itself).

This means you will need to create a login and profile for any job sites you haven’t already signed up for prior to exploring now using the jobs for veterans search phrase in Google. Be prepared to upload a headshot, resume, cover letter, and any other required documentation each time you click through to a new job opening.

Google is not responsible for the interaction between job seekers and hiring managers, etc. All interactions that happen between job seeker and hiring officials are between two third parties.

Google cannot assist job seekers beyond the search tools it provides unless otherwise specifically indicated on the official site.

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What If I Don’t Have A Military Occupational Specialty Code?

The Army and Marine Corps both use MOS codes. The Navy and Air Force do not use the same system. Navy has “ratings” and the Air Force uses Specialty Codes.

However, Google instructional materials for this new algorithm tends to use the term “MOS” as a catch-all phrase to mean any code that designates an Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps or Coast Guard career field.

It’s best to enter the career code for any branch of service. Then check the results rather than assume that no results will appear just because the branch of service does not use the same specialty code as the Army or United States Marines.

Some Search Results Are Specifically Targeted, Others Are More General

In cases where a military occupational code entered into the Google search box is a direct match with jobs, you may see results specifically labelled in the same career field. Others may bring results that are more loosely based on skill sets suggested by the military job codes.

In some cases, MOS codes may not reveal any job openings at all. This may be due to a need to further refine the search algorithm, but it also may suggest a general lack of opportunities in that career area at the time of the search.

Use a Broader Search Term

In some cases, less refined searches work too. For example, after typing Jobs for Veterans into Google, you may be able to use a one-word or two-word search phrase instead of a military specialty code.

Typing in the word “ammo” brings up zero results (at the time of this writing), but typing “safety” brings up job results. The list of opportunities specifically target careers with safety as a main feature of the job such as flightline operations at a local airport, Homeland Security, etc.

Tips for Searching For a Civilian Job Using the Google “Jobs for Veterans” Search Phrase

There are several ways to help yourself find the most relevant jobs for you using Google’s jobs for veterans search tool. One of the most important tips? Don’t limit yourself to searching with your own MOS or military job code.

You may be a military dental technician, a military broadcaster, or an investigator. There are many equivalents to this type of work that may not come back in a rigidly-defined search just by your own code.

Don’t Limit Your Search to Your Own Branch of Service

One trick is to search using another occupational specialty code used by a branch of service other than your own. Compare the job results that come up when searching for the Marine Corps equivalent of an Air Force Specialty Code or a tangentially related career.

Here is a good example. Those who work in aircraft maintenance for a specific military airframe may wish to look at the occupational codes for other military branches that do similar work, but on other aircraft. Could a simple matter of training on a different air frame make the difference in finding suitable jobs or not finding them?

Don’t Just Search for Your Own Career Field

While it’s true that helicopter maintenance issues may be radically different than for fixed-wing aircraft, are there opportunities for those with maintenance experience to cross-train into a different type of work? Can a journalist also be qualified for public affairs work?

Some jobs are harder to classify than others. A Navy firefighter may not have any trouble finding work that translates, but what about someone who works in an Air Force supply room or as a linguist?

Google searches for these jobs may reveal more results when looking at opportunities that put high value on one aspect of the job you are familiar with, but are not necessarily within your own specialty code. Google military specialty codes that are not your own to see what other opportunities await people with your general skills in addition to more specific training.

Experiment with Google Searches

Another trick you can try to find military jobs or military career field-related jobs is to use Google’s search phrase “jobs for veterans” and add the MOS code, AFSC, or other military career field code in the search using Bing, Yahoo, etc.

You may find plenty of generalized results in some cases, but more specific results in others depending on the career field and other factors. The idea here is to compare the results you get in multiple search engines. Those results may inspire you to look in different areas than where you began. Others may have you going back to try a different tactic inspired by what you find.

Non-Google search engines may or may not be working on their own versions of this Google algorithm. You can still use them as alternatives to get different results or confirm there are no additional results possible for your current search.

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Joe Wallace is a 13-year veteran of the United States Air Force and a former reporter for Air Force Television News

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